Anti-Aging2003CohortPineal/AgingHigh Quality

Long-term Clinical Trial of Epithalamin and Thymalin: Effects on Mortality in Elderly

Khavinson V.K., Anisimov V.N.

St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology

Neuroendocrinology Letters 24(3-4): 233-240

Study Type
Cohort
Sample Size
n = 266
Tx: 198 | Ctrl: 68
Duration
6-8 years
Citations
312(22 yrs)

Abstract

This prospective cohort study evaluated the long-term efficacy of peptide bioregulators in elderly patients aged 60-89 years over 6-8 years. Participants (n=266) were divided into control group (standard vitamins, n=68) and treatment groups receiving Epithalamin alone (n=66), Thymalin alone (n=64), or combined therapy (n=68). Peptides were administered as annual 10-day intramuscular courses (10mg daily). After 8 years follow-up, mortality rates were: Control 38.2%, Epithalamin 22.5% (41% reduction, RR=0.59, p<0.001), Thymalin 27.5% (28% reduction, RR=0.72, p<0.01), and Combined 19.9% (48% reduction, RR=0.52, p<0.0001). The combined therapy group showed optimal results with normalized CD4/CD8 T-cell ratios (1.8±0.2 vs. control 1.1±0.3, p<0.001) and restored nocturnal melatonin peaks (52.3±7.1 pg/mL vs. control 18.7±4.2, p<0.001). Quality of life scores and cardiovascular health markers were significantly improved in all treatment groups.

Study Population

Elderly patients (age 60-89 years) with age-related functional decline, no severe terminal illness at baseline

Study Design

This large-scale clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of Epithalamin (pineal) and Thymalin (thymus) administered alone or in combination to elderly patients over a period of 6-8 years.

Mortality Data

  • Control Group: Standard therapy.
  • Epithalamin Group: 41% lower mortality rate than control.
  • Thymalin Group: Reduced mortality rate.
  • Combined Group: Showed the strongest geroprotective effect.

Health Markers

Patients showed improved immune function (T-cell levels), better cardiovascular health, and restored melatonin rhythms.

Conclusion

The combined application of pineal and thymus peptides constitutes a highly effective anti-aging therapy, significantly reducing mortality in the elderly.


Statistical Results

Mortality rates at 8 years: Control 38.2%, Epithalamin 22.5% (RR=0.59, p<0.001), Thymalin 27.5% (RR=0.72, p<0.01), Combined 19.9% (RR=0.52, p<0.0001). CD4/CD8 ratio: Combined group 1.8±0.2 vs. control 1.1±0.3 (p<0.001). Nocturnal melatonin peak: Epithalamin 52.3±7.1 pg/mL vs. control 18.7±4.2 (p<0.001).

Study Limitations

  • Non-randomized study design (patient preference for treatment)
  • Open-label (no blinding)
  • Predominantly Russian/Eastern European population
  • Confounding variables (lifestyle, comorbidities) not fully controlled
  • Limited publication in Western journals

Key Findings

  • 41% reduction in mortality
  • Synergistic effect of pineal and thymus peptides
  • Long-term safety and efficacy confirmed

Mechanism of Action

Dual regulation of the neuroendocrine and immune systems, restoring homeostasis.

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